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Tethering iPhone 3.0 to Ubuntu 9.04

So, I found myself with a copy of iPhone OS 3.0 a little ahead of the general release and felt the urge to get tethering working properly. (People who jailbreak have previously had the option of a few third-party products, the best known and easiest to use being PdaNet, also known as that software that wrought havoc upon the LCA 2009 wireless.) It turns out to be pretty seamless on OS X (and apparently also on Windows), but of course, that doesn’t do an awful lot for me as an Ubuntu user.

iPhone Internet TetheringThe iPhone provides two options for tethering: USB and Bluetooth. The USB option looks promising, but is a bit beyond my knowledge of the USB subsystem: lsusb provides information on a configuration called PTP + Apple Mobile Device + Apple USB Ethernet with a couple of interfaces labelled Vendor Specific Class; someone with crazy USB hacking skills will probably get that turned into a network device in due course, I suspect.

That leaves Bluetooth. The iPhone uses Bluetooth Personal Area Networking The good news for lazy people like me is that NetworkManager support is in the works, but until then, it’s still not too painful, as people have been tethering to mobile devices using PAN for a while.

The tutorials I found generally covered other distributions or older versions of Ubuntu, so here’s the process for Jaunty. First the one-time configuration:

  1. Install the bluez-compat package.
  2. Edit /etc/default/bluetooth to add the following lines:
    PAND_ENABLED=1
    PAND_OPTIONS="--role=PANU"
    

  3. Restart the Bluetooth service: /etc/init.d/bluetooth restart
  4. Add the BNEP network adapter to the /etc/network/interfaces file by appending the following line: iface bnep0 inet dhcp
  5. Get the Bluetooth address of your phone by running hcitool scan and jotting down the address next to your phone’s name.

Now the bits and pieces that need to be done each time:

  1. Pair your computer with your iPhone. If you’re using GNOME, the standard Bluetooth applet can handle that; presumably that’s true of the other flavours of Ubuntu as well.
  2. To connect, run these commands in your favourite shell, replacing 00:aa:bb:cc:dd:ee with the Bluetooth address you jotted down earlier:
    sudo pand --connect 00:aa:bb:cc:dd:ee -n
    sudo ifup bnep0
    
  3. At that point, life should be good and you should be connected. To disconnect later:
    sudo ifdown bnep0
    sudo pand -K
    

This seems to work rather well. The speed test results were noticeably better than they had been previously using the various ad-hoc network + jailbreak based solutions that I tried with iPhone 2.x; here at the office in sunny Osborne Park, I got about 850 kilobits down and 350 kilobits up (and a ping around 250 ms) on the notoriously crummy Optus 3G network, which is enough to actually be genuinely useful.

Thanks to InfoSec812 and wilbur.harvey (no relation!) for writing rather good tutorial posts on the Ubuntu Forums, which this howto is based on.

69 Responses to “Tethering iPhone 3.0 to Ubuntu 9.04”

  1. Adam Ashley Says:

    Or you could go for the much simpler Blueman Project. Install it from the Ubuntu PPA it replaces the standard bluetooth icon in the task manager, pull it up and connect the serial port from the bluetooth phone and then its available in Network Manager as currently available in Jaunty.

  2. CyberCr33p Says:

    How can I start the bluetooth applet?

  3. Joshua Blount Says:

    Hmm. I get stopped at step 1 of connecting…

    04:23:48 jblount@solo:~$ sudo pand –connect 00:23:12:77:F3:D5 -n
    pand[31717]: Bluetooth PAN daemon version 4.32
    pand[31717]: Connecting to 00:23:12:77:F3:D5
    pand[31717]: Connect to 00:23:12:77:F3:D5 failed. Connection refused(111)

  4. Joshua Blount Says:

    @ Adam Ashley: I also attempted using the Blueman Project, which looks very promising, but that failed stating “Device added successfully, but failed to connect”.

    Please let me know if I can help provide some diagnostic information :)

  5. CyberCr33p Says:

    OK I fix it. I had to compile the omnibook kernel module for my laptop to work with bluetooth. Then the bluetooth applet was visible.

  6. Adam Harvey Says:

    Sorry about the lack of comment moderation. I’ve flicked it off for now, so we’ll find out how good Akismet really is at stopping spam. :)

    @Adam: Thanks for the pointer re Blueman; I’ll have to give it a crack over the weekend.

    @Joshua: You need to make sure you’re paired first before running pand, including having the iPhone say “Connected” in the Bluetooth screen. If you’re still having trouble, I’ll see about working up some screenshots for what I end up seeing both on the iPhone and within Ubuntu.

  7. Joshua Blount Says:

    @Adam Harvey: I’m pretty sure I’m paired, I see my phone “Kenobi” in the devices on my laptop, and I see “solo-0″ (the name for my laptop) on my iPhone.

    (Yes, I know those names are nerdy ;)

  8. Adam Harvey Says:

    @Joshua: The only thing I can suggest is to make sure that solo-0 is actually listed as “Connected” as well as just being visible on the iPhone. This screenshot shows how it appears on my iPhone — in that case, I can use macbuntu (my names aren’t much better!) with the tethering, but not eeek.

  9. CyberCr33p Says:

    I was able to tethering just 1 time using these instructions. After this I install blueman and I can’t tethering using blueman nor can I using these instructions.

    I get the same refuse connection(111) error.

  10. CyberCr33p Says:

    I really hope someone can fix the “usb mode” tethering for linux. I was able to tethering using Windows XP under Virtualbox + Ubuntu.

  11. John Ferlito Says:

    I’m getting the same connectio refused problem :(

  12. CyberCr33p Says:

    John Ferlito@ do you use these instructions or blueman?

  13. CyberCr33p Says:

    And I was able to tethering again without changing any configuration files.

    I believe the people that have the connection refused problem is because of iphone-linux pair, it doesn’t pair correctly even if it says it’s paired using the bluez-gnome.

    I will do more tests and let you know the outcome.

  14. CyberCr33p Says:

    OK I believe I found the problem.

    You have to pair the iphone and linux every time you want to start a new tethering connection even if you see that Iphone is already connected with linux.

    So remove the linux-computer from the devices that show at iphone and pair again. You can pear by using the iphone, then you type a code and then you see on your computer screen a form that you have to submit the same code.

    Then run the 2 commands to start the connection.

    I hope this helps the people with the connection refused problem.

    The max speed I was able to download is 105kb/s (840kbit). I see that the post owner had similar speed (850kbit) any idea if there is a limition on speed using the Bluetooth?

  15. Cyberkukkuk Says:

    To get the control utiliy for bluetooth you need to install bluez-gnome.

    I could only get it to work with “visibility setting” -> “always visible” and push connect on the iphone.

    Before you connect it would be a good idea to

    sudo /etc/init.d/NetworkManager stop

    to avoid conflicts with the network manager

    Could not get blueman to work either.

  16. foobar Says:

    Here is an another tutorial – based this one – with pictures (unfortunately only hungarian language, but i think very straightforward).

  17. Alexandre Fugita Says:

    Well,

    when I finished this tutorial I had my internet connection on my eeePC with Ubuntu 9.04. But I cant access any website because DNS server was not configured. So I edited the file /etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf like this:

    lease {
    interface “eth0″;
    option domain-name-servers 208.67.220.220 208.67.222.222;
    }

    and the DNS (openDNS.org) is hard-wired to the system so now it works!

  18. foobar Says:

    @Alexandre Fugita:

    ‘interface “eth0″;’

    do you mean bnep0?

  19. jacklord Says:

    I also can also get it connected, and internet tethering is displayed on the phone…
    so all looks well… but access a website or ping doesnt work…
    seems like no DNS

    I tried hardcoded ips… still not dice… anyone else have issues like “its connected”
    but doesnt work?

    Cheers

  20. CyberCr33p Says:

    You can edit /etc/resolv.conf with the nameservers.

  21. SCI-CO Says:

    Having the same connect problems as most every one else, tried with a USB bluetooth dongle and had it work, once. But never again. Tried again with the built in bluetooth and then had it work once and never again. Both times I was able to connect I was using Blueman.

  22. John Ferlito Says:

    I’ve managed to solve the “connection refused” problem. I upgraded from bluez from 4.32 to 4.39 which is in the blueman ppa.

  23. SCI-CO Says:

    @John How stable is your connections, I am using 4.39, and have only been able to connect once.

  24. novertigo Says:

    anyone having trouble with DNS take a look here:
    http://undulynoted.net/2009/06/tether-iphone-30-to-ubuntumac-904-via-bluetooth-no-jailbreak-required/

  25. natrium42 Says:

    blueman works well here (Ubuntu 9.04) and Rogers. Getting about 120-140kBytes/s. Thanks for the instructions!

  26. Erik Westrup Says:

    Great! I will try tis tomorrow.

  27. SCI-CO Says:

    I am now able to connect about 70% of the time now (not sure what it did), but will only work for about a 1 min or so. Connections are sill all in place, pinging in the background shows the link to the phone is dropping out. I have to restart bluetooth services on the computer and repair to get things working again.

  28. Erik Westrup Says:

    I’m on Ubuntu 9.04 and can almost connect. It fails on ‘sudo ifup bnep0′ because Avahi does not allow a .local-dmoain. The error I get is:

    “Network service discovery disabled
    Your current network has a .local domain, which is not recommended and incompatible with the Avahi Network service discovery. The service has been disabled.” Screenshot here–> http://img411.imageshack.us/img411/7489/tethering.png

    I have tried the workarounds #1 & #2 (below) but none of them works for me
    #1 http://avahi.org/wiki/AvahiAndUnicastDotLocal
    #2 https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+bug/327982

    What to do? Any help is much appreciated, thank you!
    /Erik Westrup

  29. SCI-CO Says:

    @Erik, I dont think this is a problem. I also am using Ubuntu 9.04, and tried to get the same error, but failed. But looking at your image, its showing that avahi dns shut down.

    to test if your link is working and up,

    ping 192.168.20.1

    this should return some like. CTRL+C to stop.

    PING 192.168.20.1 (192.168.20.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from 192.168.20.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=70.0 ms
    64 bytes from 192.168.20.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=60.6 ms
    64 bytes from 192.168.20.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=65.9 ms
    64 bytes from 192.168.20.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=69.1 ms
    ^C
    — 192.168.20.1 ping statistics —
    4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3004ms
    rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 60.676/66.447/70.037/3.669 ms

    to check dns lookup,

    nslookup google.com

    and you should get something like

    Server: 172.18.7.170
    Address: 172.18.7.170#53

    Non-authoritative answer:
    Name: google.com
    Address: 74.125.45.100
    Name: google.com
    Address: 74.125.67.100
    Name: google.com
    Address: 74.125.127.100

    If this all works open up firefox, and have at it.

  30. Erik Westrup Says:

    @SCI-CO: you’re right and I just got it to work before I red your post. The connection was actuality up and running but the built in Network manager in the GNOME notification-toolbar (I don’t know it’s name) did not find it. If I to the following it works:

    #avahi-daemon -D
    #pand –connect 00:21:E9:89:21:4A -n
    #ifup bnep0
    #route del default 2>/dev/null
    #route add default gw bnep0

    I guess I’ll have to put it all in a shell script and run it when I want to tether. Maybe there’s a better way of doing this but I don’t know one.

  31. Erik Westrup Says:

    Update
    My working script can be found here: http://bit.ly/tetering

  32. Andre Says:

    Just fyi (mac book pro) you need to keep the phone literally within 2 feet of the computer or else it drops the blue tooth connection.

  33. JasonOng Says:

    Bluetooth tethering works indeed but I soon realize that the data transfer rate is abysmal. Hope there’ll be an USB tethering alternative around soon. Thanks for the tip anyway!

  34. Gabriele Pallassini Says:

    news on iPhone 3g 3.0 OS and tethering with USB on Ubuntu 9.04 amd64?
    dmesg says:

    [ 2630.459506] usb 2-1: USB disconnect, address 4
    [ 2649.964068] usb 2-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 5
    [ 2650.104572] usb 2-1: configuration #1 chosen from 4 choices

    nothing new network interface…

  35. Nise Design » Install Ubuntu Linux 9.04 to UMID mBook M1 Says:

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  36. SCI-CO Says:

    Well I dont know if its the phone or the computer that is the problem, but my tests, these past few days are good. I was able to make my connection to my phone using blueman and no command lines tonight, and its a stable connection.

    @Gabriele That has something to do with the iPhone camera interface. If you look under your “Places” menu you will see your iPhone listed, and you can copy your photos from your phone. This available on any computer with out iPhone drivers insta

  37. Gabriele Pallassini Says:

    ok….the camera interface is ok…but for the network interface it appear only in osx mac or windows pc with iTunes 8.2 installed…nothing in linux :-(

  38. alexandre clement Says:

    got it to work finally…. :)

    I had this error when doing “sudo ifup bnep0″:
    SIOCSIFADDR: No such device
    bnep0: ERROR while getting interface flags: No such device
    bnep0: ERROR while getting interface flags: No such device

    I just typed: sudo dhlclient pan0 and got this when typing sudo ifconfig -a

    pan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr c2:7e:d0:6d:ef:4a
    inet6 addr: fe80::c07e:d0ff:fe6d:ef4a/64 Scope:Link
    UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
    RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:71 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
    RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:11881 (11.8 KB)

    pan0:avahi Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr c2:7e:d0:6d:ef:4a
    inet addr:169.254.8.148 Bcast:169.254.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0
    UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

    Now I have a pan0:avahi interface.

    after i could type sudo ifup bnep0 again and it worked.

    bnep0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:21:86:b4:50:9e
    inet addr:192.168.20.2 Bcast:192.168.20.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
    inet6 addr: fe80::221:86ff:feb4:509e/64 Scope:Link
    UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
    RX packets:67 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:87 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
    RX bytes:33880 (33.8 KB) TX bytes:11531 (11.5 KB)

    didn’t undestand everything but it works (thanks to avahi!)! If someone could explain in more details what’s going on…

  39. Cyberkukkuk Says:

    I can confirm that installing bluez 4.39 and blueman from the Ubuntu PPA makes blueman “connect” works. When you connect with blueman it will nicely integrate with network-manager – best solution.

    Best Regard

  40. Miguel Says:

    bluez 4,39 from PPA and blueman, NOT working here….

  41. Joachim Says:

    I am using Blueman 4.39 and received the “Device added successfully, but failed to connect” error message every time I tried to use tethering. I think this was because I had my iPhone also plugged into my computer (for charging) while trying to use the bluetooth connection.

    Today I tried to use the iPhone “unplugged” and everything tethering is working fine.

  42. Dude77 Says:

    i found the prob with connection refused!

    PAND_OPTIONS=”–role=PANU”

    changed to

    PAND_OPTIONS=”–role=PAN”

    voila! it works!

  43. Ivanxx Says:

    For those with the Connection refused(111) problem,

    it looks like switching off the bluetooth on the iPhone and reconnecting it and the FORCING THE CONNECTION to the computer from the iPhone creates a stable link. Then you can pand or blueman->network connect successfully.

    One final problem is you’ll need to dhcpclient bnep0 and create new resolv.conf, since NetworkManager says bnep0 is an unmanaged interface and it is not doing any post connection tasks (at least for me…)

  44. dmg Says:

    For those who have the Connection refused(111) problem…

    I confirm. Start the connection on the iphone, then run pand.

    I did not have any problem after that.

    –dmg

  45. waterdog Says:

    Does anyone know the magic to get Blueman working? I’ve installed all the 4.39 updates but have not gotten it to connect. Pairing works but I consistently get the “Device added successfully, but failed to connect” message. I’ve scoured the Internet for solutions but haven’t found anything other than statements that it works for some. Is the AT&T tethering profile required to allow the connection? I’m reluctant to install it on my iphone because I’ve heard that it conflicts with the VM feature.

    Also, I haven’t been successful getting pand to work either. I get “pand[6148]: Connect to failed. Permission denied(13)”. Since pand is no longer supported in jaunty and Blueman is a simpler solution, I prefer to use the latter.

    Any pointers would be appreciated. ~TIA

  46. Pavel Says:

    I finally got it running following up on all the above comments:
    -upgrade blueman to version 4.39-
    add

    lease {
    interface “bnep0″;
    option domain-name-servers 208.67.220.220;
    }

    at the end of /etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf
    - sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
    -turn on tethering on iphone
    -turn off bluetooth on IPHONE
    -turn on bluetooth on iphone
    -unpair your laptop
    -pair again FROM IPHONE (enter passwords on iphone and laptop)
    -connect from blueman and voila (!)

    Goood luck

  47. Pavel Says:

    I am currently running ~9Mbit/s download and ~8Mbit/s upload in Silicon Valley see http://www.speedtest.net/result/526787252.png

  48. Eldrik Says:

    Hi,

    I like to know if it is possible to connect to the iPhone without the use of a grafic interface?

    I’am actually trying to connect my dsl router (avm fritzbox) to the iphone via pand.

    The following i have tried:

    pand –connect macofiphone -n

    I get a response on my iphone to enter a pin for the connection.

    After typing the bluetooth pin of my router (0000) i get a connection refused from pand and an error on the iphone that the connection could not be established :-(

    I think this happens because the iphone is generating a pin response (like it does on my mac) that should be displayed on my router and then have to be entered on the iphone.

    Is this possible via cli or do I need a extra program?

    Could someone test it with his configuration?

    Greetz
    Eldrik

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  50. parruda Says:

    Im getting this error:

    pand[6880]: Bluetooth PAN daemon version 4.39
    pand[6880]: Connecting to 00:23:6c:62:e7:a1
    pand[6880]: bnep0 connected
    root@pauloarruda:/etc/bluetooth# dhclient bnep0
    Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.1.1
    Copyright 2004-2008 Internet Systems Consortium.
    All rights reserved.
    For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/sw/dhcp/

    SIOCSIFFLAGS: Cannot assign requested address
    SIOCSIFFLAGS: Cannot assign requested address
    Listening on LPF/bnep0/11:11:11:11:11:11
    Sending on LPF/bnep0/11:11:11:11:11:11
    Sending on Socket/fallback
    DHCPDISCOVER on bnep0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3
    send_packet: Network is down
    receive_packet failed on bnep0: Network is down
    DHCPDISCOVER on bnep0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3
    send_packet: Network is down
    DHCPDISCOVER on bnep0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 6
    send_packet: Network is down
    DHCPDISCOVER on bnep0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 10
    send_packet: Network is down
    DHCPDISCOVER on bnep0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 13
    send_packet: Network is down

    Iphone screen says that the internet sharing is enabled, but i cant connect to bnep0!

  51. Jeph Says:

    Blueman works perfectly.

    My steps (after installing Blueman):
    - REBOOT laptop
    - Turn bluetooth On on iPhone and pair it with laptop
    - Turn tethering On on iPhone
    - On laptop connect to Network Access Point
    - A new wired device will appear on Network Manager. It won’t connect because it’s waiting for DHCP on the iPhone..
    - Edit connections on Network Manager. On Wired tab, double click on “Auto bnep0″ and change IPv4 Settings to manual. Put IP address 192.168.20.2, netmask 255.255.255.0, gateway 192.168.20.1 and use DNS servers from openDNS. Apply and quit this. Click on network manager on tray and click on bnep0 to restart connection.
    - Done! :)

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  53. Alessio Says:

    Anyone else? is it works?

  54. CyberCr33p Says:

    Does someone tried with Ubuntu 9.10 alpha 4?

    The file /etc/default/bluetooth doesn’t exist.

  55. Re: iPhone tether on Ubuntu « Sagar Pandya Says:

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  56. Ruairi Says:

    If you are using blueman and see the network manager has bnep0 as a “device not managed” then try to remove the entry in /etc/network/interfaces because ubuntu and debian have modified the network manager not to control an interface listed in this file.

  57. Robert Says:

    It simply works!
    Cheers to the author, perhaps there is also a little script you can write to automatize this?

  58. Timothy Says:

    Anyone to find how to switch usb mode from PTP to PTP + Apple USB Ethernet ?

    Tried with usb_modeswitch but with no success

  59. Dave Says:

    For me the steps were:
    1. get the bluetooth MAC from iPhone =$iPHONE
    2. echo “$iPHONE 1234″ > /var/lib/bluetooth/(my computer mac address)/pincodes
    3. pand –role PANU –connect $iPHONE -n
    4. ifup bnep0
    5. dhclient bnep0

    A pin code is required on iPhone 3GS – doesn’t have to be 1234

    But still couldn’t have done it without you – Thanks.

  60. Dave Says:

    For me the steps were:
    1. get the bluetooth MAC from iPhone =$iPHONE
    2. echo “$iPHONE 1234″ > /var/lib/bluetooth/(my computer mac address)/pincodes
    3. pand –role PANU –connect $iPHONE -n
    4. ifup bnep0
    5. dhclient bnep0

    A pin code is required on iPhone 3GS – doesn’t have to be 1234

    But still couldn’t have done it without you – Thanks

    Bugger – I loaded this page on the iPhone but it dropped out before I could submit the comment and there is now ‘no route to host’.

  61. Patrick Says:

    I (regretfully) updated to 3.1 when I got my phone… BAD IDEA if you want tethering.

    Quote:
    “If you use internet tethering on a carrier that doesn’t officially support it, you’ll lose it by going to 3.1.x. Stay back at 3.0 until a hack for that is developed.”

    Source: http://blog.iphone-dev.org/post/211802082/pwnage-pie

  62. Patrick Says:

    CORRECTION: I just got it working with my iPhone 3GS running 3.1 (not jailbroken) using the uit.sh script here:

    http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1195655

    The problem was I had to go to General -> Network and enable tethering… DUH! :S

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  65. Alain Degreffe Says:

    Hi,

    It works well BUT….

    Sometimes, the Iphone locks on BT connection after disconnecting the laptop without stopping internet tethering on the Iphone.

    My problem is that I have a tethered jailbreak iphone and I can’t reboot when I’m on the road.
    To fix this, you need 2 tools:
    1. A process viewer like System Activity Monitor ( Available on Appstore )
    2. An Iphone Terminal like Mobile Terminal ( available on Cydia )

    To reset the bt connection, just search for the porocess id of BTserver and use in the mobile terminal: kill ( ex: kill 556 where 556 is the process id from BTserver )

    By this way, you can get out of a blocking state of the BT process on your Iphone..

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  67. Martin Cruz Says:

    Great write up. The iPhone is truly revolutionary and I don’t like being without it. This time last year I had jumped in a pool with my iPhone and it was dead. I had to wait 10 days before I was able to purchasea new one. The phone I had was a cheap go phone. I really love all the apps that can be downloaded to the iPhone. The best part about the iPhone to me is the ability to check emails on the fly. Thanks for the information.

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  69. Alan Rebouças Says:

    Hello!

    I don’t have bluetooth device, so I need to use the USB device.

    I instaled the packages that you said and the my Ubuntu 9.04 recognized the iphone like a modem. But the problem is: when my notebook try to get an ip with dhcp, the Iphone don’t send to me the IP.

    I tried the tethering with Windows XP and work’s very well, but the ubuntu can’t get an IP with dhcp.

    Please.. help me!

    Regards,